/manimgl-best-practices

Integration Visualization - Reference Guide

Example file: examples/integration_visualization.py

User Query Scenarios

This example addresses queries like:

• "Show the area under a curve"
• "Visualize Riemann sums converging to integral"
• "Animate definite integral accumulation"
• "Show integral of e^(-x) equals 1"

Scene Thinking Process (3b1b Style)

1. Core Concept

Definite Integral: The integral ∫f(x)dx represents accumulated area under curve f(x). Riemann sums with shrinking rectangles converge to the true integral.

2. Technical Implementation

Animated Area Fill (Using Polygon)

def get_area_polygon():
    t = t_tracker.get_value()
    xs = np.linspace(0, t, 50)
    # Points along curve
    points = [axes.c2p(x, f(x)) for x in xs]
    # Close the polygon along x-axis
    points.append(axes.c2p(t, 0))
    points.append(axes.c2p(0, 0))
    poly = Polygon(*points)
    poly.set_fill(BLUE_E, opacity=0.5)
    poly.set_stroke(width=0)
    return poly

area = always_redraw(get_area_polygon)

Key insight: ManimGL doesn't have axes.get_area(), so build polygons manually from curve points.

Riemann Sum Rectangles

for i in range(n):
    x = start + i * dx
    height = f(x)
    rect = Rectangle(
        width=dx * axes.x_axis.get_unit_size(),
        height=height * axes.y_axis.get_unit_size(),
    )
    rect.move_to(axes.c2p(x + dx/2, height/2))

3. Scene Variants

Key Patterns

Pattern: Live Value Display

value_label = Tex(r"\text{Area} \approx 0.00")
value_num = value_label.make_number_changeable("0.00")
value_num.add_updater(lambda m: m.set_value(computed_area))

Pattern: Progressive Rectangle Refinement

for n in [4, 8, 16, 32]:
    new_rects = create_rectangles(n)
    self.play(ReplacementTransform(current_rects, new_rects))
    current_rects = new_rects

Run Commands

manimgl integration_visualization.py AreaUnderCurve -w
manimgl integration_visualization.py RiemannSums -w
manimgl integration_visualization.py ExponentialDecay -w