/appinsights-instrumentation

Container Apps Observability

Observability guide for apps running in Azure Container Apps.

Environment-Level Log Analytics

By default, Container Apps environments use a Log Analytics workspace. Configure it at environment creation (--logs-workspace-id expects the workspace Customer ID (GUID), not the ARM resource ID):

WORKSPACE_ID=$(az monitor log-analytics workspace show \
  --resource-group <rg> --workspace-name <workspace-name> \
  --query customerId -o tsv)

WORKSPACE_KEY=$(az monitor log-analytics workspace get-shared-keys \
  --resource-group <rg> --workspace-name <workspace-name> \
  --query primarySharedKey -o tsv)

az containerapp env create \
  --name <env-name> \
  --resource-group <rg> \
  --logs-workspace-id $WORKSPACE_ID \
  --logs-workspace-key $WORKSPACE_KEY \
  --logs-destination log-analytics

💡 Tip: All apps in the same environment share the workspace. Use --logs-destination none only for BYOB (bring-your-own-backend) scenarios.

System Logs vs Application Logs

⚠️ Note: The _CL suffix and _s column suffixes apply to the Log Analytics destination. Environments using the newer Azure Monitor destination use ContainerAppConsoleLogs / ContainerAppSystemLogs (no _CL, no _s suffixes). Check your environment's log destination to use the correct table name.

System logs capture events outside your code—replica scheduling, health probe results, and revision activation. Console logs capture everything your app writes to stdout/stderr.

Built-in Metrics

Container Apps exposes these metrics without any SDK:

⚠️ Warning: Built-in metrics cover infrastructure only. For request-level tracing, response times, and dependency tracking, add Application Insights SDK.

Application Insights SDK Setup

Set APPLICATIONINSIGHTS_CONNECTION_STRING as an environment variable on the container app, then add the SDK per language:

# Store as a secret (recommended — keeps value out of az show output and portal config)
az containerapp secret set -n <app-name> -g <rg> \
  --secrets "appinsights-conn=<conn-string>"

az containerapp update \
  --name <app-name> \
  --resource-group <rg> \
  --set-env-vars "APPLICATIONINSIGHTS_CONNECTION_STRING=secretref:appinsights-conn"

Distributed Tracing Across Microservices

Container Apps with multiple services need correlation. The OpenTelemetry SDK propagates traceparent headers automatically through HTTP calls. Ensure:

1. Every microservice has the SDK initialized with the same Application Insights resource
2. HTTP clients use instrumented libraries (e.g., requests in Python, fetch/axios in Node.js)
3. Verify end-to-end traces in the Application Map blade

💡 Tip: Use operation_Id in KQL queries to trace a single request across all services.

Dapr Observability

For apps using Dapr sidecars, Dapr generates tracing spans for service invocation, pub/sub, and state operations when tracing is configured. Note that samplingRate: "1" means 100% sampling — consider lowering for production workloads.

Configure Dapr tracing in the Container Apps environment. The YAML below represents the config spec — in ACA, apply it via az containerapp env dapr-component set or ARM/Bicep (not as a raw YAML file):

# Dapr tracing config spec (apply via CLI or Bicep, not raw kubectl)
apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Configuration
metadata:
  name: appconfig
spec:
  tracing:
    samplingRate: "1"
    otel:
      endpointAddress: "<otlp-collector-endpoint>"
      isSecure: true
      protocol: grpc

⚠️ Note: endpointAddress should point to an OpenTelemetry Collector (not Application Insights directly). Configure the collector with the Azure Monitor exporter to forward traces to App Insights.

Dapr generates spans for:

• Service invocation — caller → Dapr sidecar → target sidecar → target app
• Pub/sub — publisher → broker → subscriber
• Bindings — input/output binding operations

ARG Queries — Monitoring Status

Discover Container Apps and their monitoring configuration:

// Container Apps without App Insights configured (checks all containers)
resources
| where type == "microsoft.app/containerapps"
| mv-expand container = properties.template.containers
| mv-expand envVar = container.env
| where isnotempty(envVar)
| summarize hasAppInsights = countif(envVar.name == "APPLICATIONINSIGHTS_CONNECTION_STRING") by name, resourceGroup
| where hasAppInsights == 0

Note: This query only covers apps with existing environment variables. Apps with no env vars are excluded by the mv-expand and should be identified separately (e.g., filter for containers where env is null or empty).

KQL Query Library

Console log errors

ContainerAppConsoleLogs_CL
| where Log_s contains "error" or Log_s contains "exception"
| project TimeGenerated, ContainerAppName_s, RevisionName_s, Log_s
| order by TimeGenerated desc
| take 50

Replica restart events

ContainerAppSystemLogs_CL
| where EventSource_s == "ContainerAppController" and Reason_s == "Restarting"
| summarize restarts = count() by ContainerAppName_s, RevisionName_s, bin(TimeGenerated, 1h)
| order by TimeGenerated desc

Scaling events

ContainerAppSystemLogs_CL
| where Reason_s in ("ScalingUp", "ScalingDown")
| project TimeGenerated, ContainerAppName_s, Reason_s, Log_s
| order by TimeGenerated desc

Console log volume by revision

ContainerAppConsoleLogs_CL
| where isnotempty(Log_s)
| summarize logCount = count() by RevisionName_s, bin(TimeGenerated, 5m)
| render timechart

Request latency by instance (requires Application Insights SDK)

requests
| where cloud_RoleName has "<app-name>"
| summarize avgDuration = avg(duration), p95 = percentile(duration, 95) by cloud_RoleInstance, bin(timestamp, 5m)
| render timechart

💡 Tip: Console logs don't contain latency data. For request-level latency and dependency analysis, query the requests and dependencies tables from Application Insights.