≈1.8k tokens on demand. Your agent reads this file only when SKILL.md points to it.
Google App Engine to Azure App Service Migration
Detailed guidance for migrating Google App Engine applications to Azure App Service.
Service Mapping
| GCP Service |
Azure Equivalent |
| App Engine (Standard) |
Azure App Service (Standard/Premium plan) |
| App Engine (Flex) |
Azure App Service (Premium v3) or Container Apps |
| App Engine Services |
App Service apps (one per service) |
app.yaml |
azure.yaml + Bicep |
| Datastore / Firestore |
Azure Cosmos DB |
| Cloud SQL (PostgreSQL) |
Azure Database for PostgreSQL Flexible Server |
| Cloud SQL (MySQL) |
Azure Database for MySQL Flexible Server |
| Cloud Storage |
Azure Blob Storage |
| Cloud Tasks |
Azure Service Bus / Durable Functions |
| Cloud Pub/Sub |
Azure Service Bus / Event Grid |
| Memcache / Memorystore |
Azure Cache for Redis |
| Cloud Scheduler |
Azure Functions Timer trigger |
| Cloud CDN |
Azure Front Door / Azure CDN |
| Cloud DNS |
Azure DNS |
| Cloud Logging |
Application Insights / Azure Monitor |
| Cloud Monitoring |
Azure Monitor Metrics |
| Cloud Trace |
Application Insights (distributed tracing) |
| Cloud IAM |
Managed Identity + Azure RBAC |
| Cloud Build |
GitHub Actions / Azure DevOps |
| Traffic Splitting |
Deployment Slots (weighted routing) |
| Service Versions |
Deployment Slots |
| Cloud KMS |
Azure Key Vault |
| Secret Manager |
Azure Key Vault |
| Cloud Endpoints |
Azure API Management |
| Identity-Aware Proxy |
Azure Front Door + Entra ID auth |
| VPC Connector |
VNet Integration |
Standard vs Flex → App Service Plan Mapping
| App Engine Tier |
App Service Equivalent |
Notes |
| Standard (F1 instance) |
Free (F1) |
Dev/test only |
| Standard (B1/B2) |
Basic (B1/B2) |
Low-traffic apps |
| Standard (auto-scaling) |
Standard (S1-S3) |
Auto-scale, slots |
| Flex (custom runtime) |
Premium v3 (P1v3-P3v3) |
Custom containers |
| Flex (high-memory) |
Premium v3 (P3v3) |
Up to 32 GB RAM |
app.yaml → azure.yaml + Bicep
App Engine Configuration Mapping
app.yaml Field |
Azure Equivalent |
Implementation |
runtime: python314 |
Runtime stack: Python 3.14 |
Bicep siteConfig.linuxFxVersion |
instance_class: F2 |
App Service Plan SKU |
Bicep sku.name |
automatic_scaling |
Autoscale settings |
Bicep Microsoft.Insights/autoscalesettings |
env_variables |
App Settings |
Bicep siteConfig.appSettings |
handlers (URL routing) |
App Service path mappings / Front Door |
Route rules |
entrypoint |
Startup command |
az webapp config set --startup-file |
vpc_access_connector |
VNet Integration |
Bicep virtualNetworkSubnetId |
inbound_services: [warmup] |
Always On |
Bicep siteConfig.alwaysOn: true |
Example: app.yaml → Bicep
# app.yaml (GCP)
runtime: python312
instance_class: F2
automatic_scaling:
min_instances: 1
max_instances: 10
env_variables:
DATABASE_URL: "postgres://..."
// Bicep equivalent
resource appServicePlan 'Microsoft.Web/serverfarms@2023-12-01' = {
sku: { name: 'S2', capacity: 1 }
properties: { reserved: true }
}
resource webApp 'Microsoft.Web/sites@2023-12-01' = {
properties: {
siteConfig: {
linuxFxVersion: 'PYTHON|3.14'
alwaysOn: true
appSettings: [
{ name: 'PGHOST', value: postgresServer.properties.fullyQualifiedDomainName }
]
}
}
}
Datastore / Firestore → Cosmos DB
| Datastore Feature |
Cosmos DB Equivalent |
| Entity / Document |
Item |
| Kind / Collection |
Container |
| Namespace |
Database |
| Key / ID |
Partition key + ID |
| Ancestor queries |
Hierarchical partition keys |
| Eventual consistency |
Session or Eventual consistency |
| Strong consistency |
Strong consistency |
ndb / google.cloud.datastore |
@azure/cosmos SDK |
💡 Tip: Use Cosmos DB for NoSQL API for the closest mapping from Datastore. Use Cosmos DB for MongoDB API if the app already uses MongoDB-compatible patterns.
Cloud Tasks → Service Bus / Durable Functions
| Cloud Tasks Feature |
Azure Equivalent |
| HTTP target tasks |
Service Bus + Azure Functions |
| App Engine target tasks |
Service Bus + WebJobs |
| Task scheduling (delayed) |
Service Bus scheduled messages |
| Task retry / dead-letter |
Service Bus retry + dead-letter queue |
| Rate limiting |
Service Bus message throttling |
| Task orchestration |
Durable Functions (fan-out/fan-in) |
Traffic Splitting → Deployment Slots
| App Engine Feature |
Azure Equivalent |
| Version traffic splitting (%) |
Slot traffic routing (%) |
| Canary deployment |
Slot with low traffic % |
| A/B testing |
Slot traffic routing |
| Version rollback |
Slot swap (revert) |
| Gradual rollout |
Increase slot traffic % incrementally |
| Warmup requests |
Slot warm-up (pre-swap) |
// Configure traffic routing: 90% production, 10% staging
resource siteConfig 'Microsoft.Web/sites/config@2023-12-01' = {
name: 'web'
properties: {
experiments: {
rampUpRules: [{
actionHostName: '${webApp.name}-staging.azurewebsites.net'
reroutePercentage: 10
name: 'staging'
}]
}
}
}
Memcache → Azure Cache for Redis
| Memcache Feature |
Azure Cache for Redis |
memcache.get() / set() |
redis.get() / redis.set() |
| Shared memcache |
Azure Cache for Redis (Basic) |
| Dedicated memcache |
Azure Cache for Redis (Standard/Premium) |
| Session store |
Redis session store |
| Cache expiry |
Redis TTL |
Environment Variables Migration
| Source |
Target |
Notes |
app.yaml env_variables |
App Settings |
Non-sensitive config |
| Secret Manager refs |
Key Vault references |
@Microsoft.KeyVault(SecretUri=...) |
| Runtime env (auto-injected) |
App Settings |
Map GAE-specific vars |
GAE_APPLICATION |
WEBSITE_SITE_NAME |
Auto-injected by App Service |
PORT |
PORT |
Auto-injected by App Service |
GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT |
(no equivalent) |
GCP project IDs identify a runtime environment; Azure subscription IDs are a tooling/billing context, not a runtime equivalent. Use App Service WEBSITE_RESOURCE_GROUP or rely on DefaultAzureCredential to discover the subscription at runtime if needed. |
CI/CD Migration
| Cloud Build / gcloud |
Azure Equivalent |
gcloud app deploy |
az webapp deploy or azd deploy |
cloudbuild.yaml |
.github/workflows/deploy.yml |
| Cloud Build triggers |
GitHub Actions triggers |
| Artifact Registry |
Azure Container Registry |
gcloud app versions |
Deployment slots |
Reference Links
