/sap-abap

Numeric Operations - Complete Reference

Source: https://github.com/SAP-samples/abap-cheat-sheets/blob/main/29_Numeric_Operations.md

Version Note: The int8 type requires 7.50+. utclong_add() requires 7.54+. Use type i or p for large integers on 7.40. All other numeric operations are available from 7.40+.

Numeric Types

Arithmetic Operators

" Basic operators
result = a + b.    " Addition
result = a - b.    " Subtraction
result = a * b.    " Multiplication
result = a / b.    " Division

" Special operators
result = a DIV b.  " Integer division (positive remainder)
result = a MOD b.  " Modulo (positive remainder)
result = a ** b.   " Exponentiation

" Calculation assignments
a += b.   " a = a + b
a -= b.   " a = a - b
a *= b.   " a = a * b
a /= b.   " a = a / b

Numeric Functions

Rounding and Truncation

DATA(abs_val) = abs( -5 ).           " 5
DATA(sign_val) = sign( -5 ).         " -1
DATA(ceil_val) = ceil( '1.2' ).      " 2
DATA(floor_val) = floor( '1.8' ).    " 1
DATA(trunc_val) = trunc( '1.8' ).    " 1
DATA(frac_val) = frac( '1.8' ).      " 0.8
DATA(round_val) = round( val = '1.567' dec = 2 ).  " 1.57

Exponential and Logarithmic

DATA(sqrt_val) = sqrt( 16 ).         " 4.0
DATA(ipow_val) = ipow( base = 2 exp = 10 ).  " 1024
DATA(exp_val) = exp( 1 ).            " e
DATA(log_val) = log( 10 ).           " natural log
DATA(log10_val) = log10( 100 ).      " 2.0

Trigonometric

DATA(sin_val) = sin( '0.5' ).
DATA(cos_val) = cos( '0.5' ).
DATA(tan_val) = tan( '0.5' ).
DATA(asin_val) = asin( '0.5' ).
DATA(acos_val) = acos( '0.5' ).
DATA(atan_val) = atan( '0.5' ).

Extremum

DATA(min_val) = nmin( val1 = 5 val2 = 3 val3 = 7 ).  " 3
DATA(max_val) = nmax( val1 = 5 val2 = 3 val3 = 7 ).  " 7

Calculation Type Rules

Priority order (highest to lowest):

1. decfloat34 → result decfloat34
2. decfloat16 → result decfloat16
3. f → result f
4. p → result p (length 8, decimals 0)
5. int8 → result int8
6. Otherwise → i

Lossless Operations (EXACT)

TRY.
    DATA(exact_int) = EXACT i( decimal_value ).
  CATCH cx_sy_conversion_rounding.
    " Precision would be lost
ENDTRY.

Advanced Numeric Classes

CL_ABAP_BIGINT (Arbitrary Precision)

DATA(bigint1) = cl_abap_bigint=>factory_from_int8( 123456789 ).
DATA(bigint2) = cl_abap_bigint=>factory_from_int8( 987654321 ).

DATA(sum) = bigint1->add( bigint2 ).
DATA(product) = bigint1->mul( bigint2 ).
DATA(quotient) = bigint1->div( bigint2 ).
DATA(power) = bigint1->pow( 10 ).
DATA(sqrt) = bigint1->sqrt( ).
DATA(gcd) = bigint1->gcd( bigint2 ).

CL_ABAP_RATIONAL (Exact Fractions)

DATA(rational) = cl_abap_rational=>factory_from_string( '1/3' ).
DATA(decimal) = rational->get_as_decfloat34( ).

CL_ABAP_MATH (Constants)

DATA(pi) = cl_abap_math=>pi.
DATA(e) = cl_abap_math=>e.
DATA(max_int4) = cl_abap_math=>max_int4.
DATA(min_int4) = cl_abap_math=>min_int4.

Random Numbers

" Random integer
DATA(random) = cl_abap_random_int=>create(
  seed = CONV i( sy-uzeit )
  min = 1
  max = 100 ).
DATA(number) = random->get_next( ).

" Random float
DATA(random_f) = cl_abap_random_float=>create( seed = 42 ).
DATA(float_num) = random_f->get_next( ).

Date/Time Calculations

Date Arithmetic

" Days between dates
DATA(days) = date2 - date1.

" Add days (XCO)
DATA(tomorrow) = xco_cp=>sy->date( )->add( iv_day = 1 )->value.
DATA(next_month) = xco_cp=>sy->date( )->add( iv_month = 1 )->value.

Time Arithmetic

" Seconds between times
DATA(seconds) = time2 - time1.

" Extract components
DATA(hours) = seconds DIV 3600.
DATA(minutes) = ( seconds MOD 3600 ) DIV 60.
DATA(secs) = seconds MOD 60.

Timestamp Operations

" Add to timestamp
DATA(new_ts) = utclong_add(
  val = timestamp
  days = 1
  hours = 2 ).

" CL_ABAP_TSTMP
DATA(ts) = cl_abap_tstmp=>add(
  tstmp = timestamp
  secs = 3600 ).

ABAP SQL Numeric Functions

SELECT
  div( amount, 100 ) AS int_div,
  division( amount, 3, 2 ) AS precise_div,
  ceil( value ) AS ceiling,
  floor( value ) AS floored,
  mod( number, 10 ) AS remainder,
  abs( value ) AS absolute,
  round( price, 2 ) AS rounded
FROM table
INTO TABLE @result.