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/magi

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by shingo imotasimota/agent-skills85 stars
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Deliberating decisions and founder priorities through multi-perspective, named-expert, and YC-style advisory lenses. Use for verdicts, office hours, or expert critique; not implementation.

Use this Skill: https://skilld.dev/gh/simota/agent-skills/magi

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referencestrategy-simulationfinancial-modeling-pitfalls.md

≈2.4k tokens on demand. Your agent reads this file only when SKILL.md points to it.

Purpose: Use this reference when Magi models SaaS, growth, runway, or investment outcomes. It preserves the key modeling traps, 2026 benchmark ranges, and alert thresholds used in strategic simulation.

Contents

  • FM-01..FM-10
  • SaaS benchmarks
  • scenario design guidance
  • Magi alert thresholds

Financial Modeling Pitfalls & SaaS Benchmarks 2026

Financial Modeling Anti-Patterns

ID Pitfall Failure mode Fix
FM-01 Underestimating churn Retention assumptions are too optimistic Model churn by segment and by voluntary/involuntary components
FM-02 Ignoring the J-curve Payback and cash recovery are understated Track CAC payback and monthly burn explicitly
FM-03 Ignoring step costs Costs are modeled as linear when they jump at thresholds Define infrastructure and headcount trigger points
FM-04 Hard-coded assumptions Sensitivity analysis becomes impossible Separate assumptions into parameter tables
FM-05 Generic template dependence Business model-specific drivers disappear Model with domain-specific drivers
FM-06 Flat expansion-rate logic Expansion revenue is treated as a single percentage Split seat growth, tier upgrades, and usage expansion
FM-07 GTM shift not reflected Legacy assumptions remain after GTM changes Rebuild conversion, CAC, and retention after GTM changes
FM-08 Single-scenario planning Risk is hidden behind one narrative Always build 3+ scenarios; use 1.8x as a fundraising-rate reminder
FM-09 No actual-vs-plan review Model quality never improves Review monthly and version assumptions
FM-10 No cohort analysis Generational behavior differences are hidden Track cohort churn, LTV, and expansion

SaaS Benchmarks

Core Metrics

Metric Benchmark Interpretation
Rule of 40 40%+ healthy, 50%+ top quartile, 60%+ elite. Q4 2025 public SaaS median is only 28%, with only ~20% of 58 actively-traded SaaS names clearing the 40 line (Aventis Advisors 2026) <20% is a warning
Burn Multiple <1.0x at $25-50M ARR; AI-native cohorts run 0.8x-1.2x at the same scale (High Alpha 2026); early-stage default is ~3.4x (SaaS Capital efficiency tracker 2026) >2.0x is a red flag
NRR overall median 106% (2026 broad survey); Optifai 939-company panel: Enterprise ACV >$100K 118%, Mid-Market 108%, SMB 97%; Bessemer Cloud Index (public-co structural advantage) 114%; AI-native median 48% with GRR 40% (m3ter / SaaS Mag 2026) — most AI tools below the $250/mo line have not yet reached durable PMF; AI premium tier above $250/mo: GRR 70%, NRR 85%; elite 130%+ <100% means net shrink — apply segment context for SMB and AI-native cohorts
Gross Margin classical SaaS 70-80%; AI-native new normal 60-70% (SFAI Labs 2026 disclosure tracker; Bessemer "Shooting Stars" run ~60% post custom-model + inference reset) reset benchmark down for AI workloads
CAC Payback 12-18 months >24 months is weak
LTV:CAC 3:1+ below this suggests poor unit economics
Magic Number >0.75 efficient sales and marketing spend

Churn Benchmarks

Segment Monthly churn Annual churn
B2B SaaS overall 0.3%-1.0% 3.5%-5%
Enterprise <=1.0% <=10%
SMB 3%-7% 30%-58%
Usage-based / freemium 5%-10%+ 50%+
B2C SaaS 0.4%-1.0% 6%-8%

Additional churn split:

Voluntary churn:    2.6%-3.3%
Involuntary churn:  0.8%-1.1%

Scenario Design

Scenario Growth Churn Margin Use
Bull top-quartile low-end benchmark target +5pt upside capacity planning
Base current trajectory current segment rate current level operating budget
Bear roughly 50% of current growth benchmark upper bound target -10pt downside planning
Crisis 0% or negative 2x normal churn major compression survival planning

Assumption Management

  1. Keep assumptions separate from formulas.
  2. Tag each assumption by confidence.
  3. Reconcile assumptions monthly against actuals.
  4. Run ±20% sensitivity on major assumptions.
  5. Never ship only one scenario.

Checklist

  • Churn is segmented.
  • Expansion is modeled by mechanism.
  • Step-cost thresholds exist.
  • CAC is channel-specific.
  • Seasonality is represented if material.
  • GTM assumptions match the current motion.

Magi Alert Thresholds

Signal Threshold Response
Churn >1.5x segment benchmark upper bound RED
Burn Multiple >2.0x RED
Rule of 40 <20% YELLOW
NRR <100% RED
CAC Payback >24 months YELLOW

Magi Integration

Use this with:

  • SIMULATE for financial scenario construction
  • ST-1 / ST-2 patterns when modeling MRR, runway, or cash flow
  • ROADMAP when deciding pace, investment, or hiring capacity
  • FORESIGHT when comparing model outputs against actual SaaS metrics

2026 AI-Native Modeling Addendum

When the business model includes AI inference as a primary cost driver, override classical SaaS assumptions:

Driver Classical SaaS default AI-native 2026 default Rationale
Gross margin 75% 60-65% (worst-case 50%) Inference COGS varies with usage; per-token margin pressure persists even after model price cuts (SFAI Labs 2026)
NRR 106% Treat <85% as expected baseline below $250/mo ACV until PMF proven; require 90-day cohort GRR before forecasting expansion AI-native median NRR 48% / GRR 40% reflects churn-driven retention
CAC Payback 12-18 months 6-12 months (compressed by faster activation) but rebound risk: churn at month 12-18 if value is novelty-driven Optimistic curve can disguise downstream cliff
Per-active-user cost rarely tracked mandatory: track inference + storage cost per WAU; flag when COGS/seat > 20% of ARPU Without this view, healthy Rule-of-40 can mask negative contribution margin per power user

Series B Fundability Filter (Carta + Bessemer 2026 read)

Bar in 2026:

  • Growth + profitability margin >40% (Rule of 40)
  • Burn Multiple <2.0x
  • Disclosed plan to reach >75% gross margin within 24 months or defensible reason why 60-65% is structural

Companies missing all three are dropping out of the Series B-fundable pool that would have been raised in 2021 (Aventis Advisors 2026, High Alpha 2026).


Threshold Long Form (SKILL.md excerpt)

  • Monitoring escalation (deviation-based): YELLOW at 5% deviation (team lead review + corrective plan); ORANGE at 10% deviation (department head + resource reallocation); RED at 15%+ deviation (executive review + strategic intervention). Legacy KPI-miss thresholds: YELLOW when 1-2 KPIs miss by <20% or assumption is WATCH; RED when major KPI miss >20% or assumption is BREACH; BLACK when multiple BREACH states invalidate the strategy.

  • FORESIGHT thresholds: prediction accuracy (measured via MAPE — Mean Absolute Percentage Error) >0.80 = strong (industry benchmark for strategic forecast accuracy), 0.60-0.80 = review, <0.60 = weak — reassess drivers and assumptions; scenario bracket rate >0.85 = well-calibrated, 0.70-0.85 = good, <0.70 = widen range or review drivers; review forecast cycle time and variance attribution rate alongside accuracy.

  • SaaS financial alert rules (2026 benchmarks): churn — B2B annual average 3.5%, top performers <3%, monthly <1% signals strong PMF, enterprise <0.5%; involuntary churn (failed payments) accounts for 20-40% of total churn — always decompose voluntary vs involuntary before escalating; churn >1.5x upper benchmark = RED; Burn Multiple >2.0x = RED; Rule of 40 <20% = YELLOW, >40% = healthy, >60% = elite (2-3× higher valuations; only 11-30% of SaaS companies achieve this); NRR — overall median 104-106% in 2025-2026 (segment medians: Enterprise ACV >$100K 118%, Mid-Market 108%, SMB 97%); <100% = RED for Enterprise/Mid-Market — for SMB, benchmark against segment median since SMB median is below 100%; top performers 120%+, elite 130%+ (2.3× higher valuations); CAC Payback >24 months = YELLOW (median 18-20 months per Pavilion B2B 2025 benchmarks, elite <12 months); CLV:CAC ratio <3:1 = YELLOW (target 4:1+). SaaS Triangle quick health check: Gross Margin 75%+, CAC Payback <18 months, NRR >101% — all three green = fundable baseline. Market context: median ARR growth 19-21% for 2025 cohort (High Alpha / Burkland 2025 SaaS Benchmarks — source: https://burklandassociates.com/2025/11/18/2025-saas-benchmarks-what-great-looks-like-and-how-to-reach-it/); sustainable growth valued over hypergrowth; 40%+ of new ARR from existing customers, emphasizing retention-led growth.

  • KPI hygiene: limit to 3-5 strategic KPIs for executive focus, 8-12 core KPIs for leadership dashboard; update operational KPIs daily minimum, strategic KPIs weekly minimum; always pair leading indicators with lagging indicators; set SMART targets (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound) drawing on historical performance and industry benchmarks.

Source: SKILL.md on GitHub

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