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Conversion Matrix
Purpose: Use this reference when selecting the best tool for a source/target format pair and estimating likely fidelity loss.
Contents
- Format-pair matrix
- Scenario-based defaults
- Known limitations
- Dependency checks
- Quick commands
Format-Pair Matrix
Markdown As Source
| Target |
Preferred tool |
Quality |
Notes |
| PDF (Japanese, high fidelity) |
pandoc + xelatex |
★★★★★ |
Best typography and font embedding |
| PDF (speed-first) |
pandoc + weasyprint |
★★★★☆ |
Modern CSS support, active maintenance |
| PDF (modern alternative) |
pandoc + typst |
★★★★★ |
Tagged PDF by default (Typst 0.14+), PDF/UA-1 native, fast compilation |
Word (.docx) |
pandoc |
★★★★☆ |
Some style limits |
| HTML |
pandoc |
★★★★★ |
Native and reliable |
| Styled HTML |
pandoc + template/css |
★★★★★ |
Best for publication pages |
| EPUB |
pandoc |
★★★★☆ |
Good for ebook output |
Word (.docx) As Source
| Target |
Preferred tool |
Quality |
Notes |
| PDF |
LibreOffice |
★★★★★ |
Best layout preservation |
| PDF (simple docs only) |
pandoc |
★★★☆☆ |
Use only for uncomplicated files |
| Markdown |
pandoc |
★★★☆☆ |
Complex formatting is lossy |
| HTML |
pandoc |
★★★★☆ |
Basic structure preserved |
| ODT |
LibreOffice |
★★★★★ |
Office-friendly |
Excel (.xlsx) As Source
| Target |
Preferred tool |
Quality |
Notes |
| PDF |
LibreOffice |
★★★★★ |
Sheet-level export |
| CSV |
LibreOffice |
★★★★★ |
Best for raw data extraction |
| HTML |
LibreOffice |
★★★★☆ |
Table structure preserved |
HTML As Source
| Target |
Preferred tool |
Quality |
Notes |
| PDF (modern CSS) |
Chrome/Puppeteer |
★★★★★ |
Best CSS support |
| PDF (CSS Paged Media) |
weasyprint |
★★★★☆ |
W3C CSS Paged Media, active maintenance |
| PDF (Paged.js) |
pagedjs-cli |
★★★★☆ |
W3C Paged Media polyfill |
| PDF (simple only) |
pandoc |
★★★☆☆ |
Avoid for rich HTML |
Word (.docx) |
pandoc |
★★★★☆ |
Structure preserved |
| Markdown |
pandoc |
★★★☆☆ |
Lossy for complex HTML |
Diagram Sources
| Source |
Target |
Preferred tool |
Quality |
| draw.io |
PDF / PNG / SVG |
draw.io CLI |
★★★★★ |
| Mermaid |
PNG / PDF / SVG |
mermaid-cli |
★★★★★ |
Scenario Defaults
| Scenario |
Default |
| Markdown -> PDF (Japanese business doc) |
pandoc + xelatex or pandoc + lualatex with Japanese template |
| Markdown -> PDF (fast preview) |
pandoc + weasyprint |
| Word -> PDF |
LibreOffice |
| HTML -> PDF with modern layout |
Chrome/Puppeteer |
| HTML -> PDF with CSS Paged Media |
weasyprint |
| HTML -> PDF with Paged.js |
pagedjs-cli |
| Batch conversion |
pandoc scripts or Makefile |
| Accessible PDF (PDF/UA-1) |
pandoc + typst (Typst 0.14+, Tagged PDF by default) or pandoc + lualatex |
Known Limitations
| Pair |
Main risk |
Mitigation |
| Markdown -> Word |
Fine-grained styles and complex tables |
Document loss and consider HTML fallback |
| Word -> Markdown |
Complex tables and layout are lossy |
Expect cleanup and review |
HTML -> PDF via wkhtmltopdf |
Abandoned since 2023 (EOL) — no security updates, Homebrew cask disabled Dec 2024 |
Migrate to weasyprint, Chrome/Puppeteer, or pagedjs-cli |
| Any PDF structural conversion |
PDF is not a rich source format |
Treat PDF as output-first and use PDF-specific tools for PDF operations |
Japanese Defaults
- Encoding:
UTF-8
- Typical page size:
A4
- Common fonts:
Hiragino, Noto Serif CJK JP, Noto Sans CJK JP
Dependency Checks
pandoc --version
pandoc --list-input-formats
pandoc --list-output-formats
which xelatex
xelatex --version
soffice --version
weasyprint --version
typst --version
Quick Commands
# Markdown -> PDF (Japanese)
pandoc input.md -o output.pdf --pdf-engine=xelatex
# Word -> PDF
soffice --headless --convert-to pdf input.docx
# HTML -> PDF (weasyprint)
weasyprint input.html output.pdf
# draw.io -> PDF
/Applications/draw.io.app/Contents/MacOS/draw.io --export --format pdf input.drawio
